EDM refers to a processing method that uses the electro-erosion phenomenon of pulse discharge on the conductor material in a certain medium to remove the material, so that the size, shape and surface quality of the part meet the predetermined technical requirements. In machining, EDM is widely used, especially in mold manufacturing, aerospace and other fields.
Brief description of the product
EDM refers to a processing method that uses the electro-erosion phenomenon of pulse discharge on the conductor material in a certain medium to remove the material, so that the size, shape and surface quality of the part meet the predetermined technical requirements. In machining, EDM is widely used, especially in mold manufacturing, aerospace and other fields.
Product detail description
1. EDM type
EDM wire EDM processing
Wire cutting is performed by immersing a metal part in a dielectric body and then passing a live wire through the submerged metal part. The current flowing through the wire creates sparks that pass through the material and form the desired component shape. When there is a gap between the wire above and below the part feature, wire EDM is an ideal manufacturing process.
EDM
This method is to copy the shape and size of the workpiece electrode on the workpiece by making feed movement relative to the workpiece of the tool electrode, so as to process the required part. It includes two types: EDM cavity processing and perforation processing. EDM cavity processing is mainly used to process various types of hot forging dies, die-casting molds, extrusion molds, plastic molds and bakelite film cavities. EDM perforation processing is mainly used for the processing of type holes (round holes, square holes, polygonal holes, special-shaped holes), curved holes (curved holes, spiral holes), small holes and micro holes.
2. Characteristics of EDM technology
Low thermal influence of EDM. During processing, the pulse energy acts on the material in a very short time, and the working fluid is flowing and has a good heat dissipation effect. In this way, the workpiece is almost unaffected by heat and has little thermal deformation, which is particularly suitable for the processing of heat-sensitive materials.
EDM has no mechanical cutting force. During machining, the tool electrode does not contact the workpiece, does not produce mechanical cutting force, and does not cause deformation error of the part due to cutting force. This is very beneficial for machining parts such as thin walls and narrow grooves and small holes with poor stiffness.
EDM does not require complex cutting motion, can complete the processing of complex surface shape, machine tool structure single sheet. And because the pulse parameters can be adjusted, the same machine can perform both rough machining, semi-finishing and tip machining.
No tools for EDM. When machining, the tool squid is an electrode, commonly made of copper, brass, graphite and other materials, and does not require complex and expensive tools. However, the electrode manufacturing accuracy is high, and the electrode has a certain loss in the processing, which affects the improvement of the processing degree to a certain extent.
3. Advantages of EDM
EDM does not use mechanical energy, does not rely on cutting force to remove metal, but directly uses electrical and thermal energy to remove metal. Compared with machining, EDM has the following characteristics:
(1) It is suitable for processing materials that are difficult to process by traditional machining methods, showing the characteristics of "overcoming rigidity with softness". Because the removal of the material is achieved by discharge thermal erosion, the processability of the material mainly depends on the thermal properties of the material, such as melting point, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity), etc., and has almost nothing to do with its hardness, toughness and other mechanical properties. The tool electrode material does not have to be harder than the workpiece, so electrode manufacturing is relatively easy.
(2) It can process special and complex shape parts. Since there is no relative cutting movement between the electrode and the workpiece, there is no cutting force during machining, so it is suitable for low-stiffness workpieces and micro-machining. Due to the short pulse discharge time, the heat affected range of the material processing surface is relatively small, so it is suitable for the processing of heat-sensitive materials. In addition, since the shape of the tool electrode can be easily copied to the workpiece, it is particularly suitable for the machining of thin-walled, low-rigidity, elastic, micro-fine and complex shaped surfaces, such as complex cavity molds.
(3) It can realize the automation of the processing process. The electrical parameters in the processing process are easier to realize digital control, adaptive control and intelligent control than the mechanical quantity, and it is convenient to carry out rough, semi-fine and finishing processes and simplify the process. After setting the processing parameters, no manual intervention is required during the machining process.
(4) It can improve the structural design and improve the processability of the structure. After EDM, the mounting and welding structure can be changed to the overall structure, which not only greatly improves the reliability of the workpiece, but also greatly reduces the volume and quality of the workpiece, and can also shorten the mold processing cycle.
(5) The process route of the parts can be changed. Since EDM is not affected by the hardness of the material, it can be processed after quenching, which avoids heat treatment deformation during the quenching process. For example, in die-casting die or forging die manufacturing, the mold can be quenched to a hardness greater than 56HRC.
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